Florida Approach in Child Welfare Article

The flexibility in Florida’s waiver to allow the state to spend Child Welfare dollars in more proactive ways seems to show a pattern of positive results.  It is this kind of waiver that could allow more adoption flexibility also.

http://www.youthtoday.org/publication/article.cfm?article_id=3865

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Thoughts on Excellence, Systems of Care, and the Recession

This morning I was chatting with a friend who runs an excellent youth program and she was sharing that they were looking at a new building for their program today.  This is the second time since the recession has started that this program is looking at expanding.  I, personally, find that incredible.  The program is a rare one, focusing on urban youth in foster and relative care, and producing incredible results.  Over 95% of the youth in their program graduate from high school!  They have a situation in which two extremely caring, competent and dynamic people have built a program, hired and trained good staff, and worked very hard for years to serve the youth in their community.  The program is individualized, and uses group activities where they contribute to their goals.

Contrast this with discussions I had yesterday about a friend’s attempt to get services at a local mental health agency.  My friend has Asperger’s Syndrome, a form of autism, which means that group therapy isn’t the best choice, as groups overwhelm her.  However, the agency staff said they offer groups because that is what they can afford to offer and it helps 95% of the clients they have.  The truth is, the agency offers groups to people several diagnoses which groups don’t help because the recession has led to budget cuts and they are making decisions which aren’t based on the needs of those walking through their doors.  The irony to me is that they are part of a Systems of Care process.  I also heard that our state Medicaid office has decided not to cover Asperger’s for services even though they are required to do so under the January standards for equal treatment for mental health.

As I thought about it this morning, it reminded me that systems don’t care, but people do.  Where large bureaucracies become reactive to recessions and mandated budget cuts people who need caring relationships with providers get told, “tough luck”.  For the mental health center I suggest they remember to “do no harm”, and putting autistic people in groups can be harmful.

For the rest of us, we are facing major challenges in the recession, including proposed health care overhaul.  Do we want to be like my proactive friends who keep caring, keep pushing and find a way to succeed as a culture.  Or do we want to give up, blame the recession and say we can’t afford to care for our neighbors?

Posted via web from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Changes in Adoption Subsidy Laws

A previous post on adoption subsidies received some positive responses, and the North American Council on Adoptable Children has worked with others in the field to evaluate the issues and make recommendations about adoption subsidies which need to be adopted at a federal level.  Currently, the laws that govern adoption subsidies have some insane issues that I won’t go into here.  I am attaching their report on subsidies to make it more available.

For those of you who don’t want to read the whole report, here is their summary of the needed changes in federal law and my additional recommendations.
The benefits of adoption for children in foster care have been well documented.  Adoption subsidies clearly play a critical role in the adoption of children with special needs—making it possible for them to be adopted by loving families who have the resources necessary to support them.  Adoption subsidies increase children’s opportunities for adoptive families, and adoption subsidies save the government money as children leave foster care to families who assume the primary financial responsibility for them.
To ensure that children in foster care with special needs have the benefit of adoptive families, three key policy steps must be taken:
  • all children with special needs in foster care must be eligible for federally funded adoption subsidies,
  • subsidy amounts must be set at levels that align with children’s special needs (at least the level they would have received in family foster care), and
  • children must have continuous health care coverage through Medicaid, including children who are adopted into a new state or those whose adoptive families move out of state.
My only recommendation only differ from these in one area.  I believe that the subsidy amounts must be set at levels that align with children’s special needs(at least the level they would have received in family foster care)
In addition, in the case of young people in institutional care who could benefit from adoption into a home with full time caregivers, The states should be able to negotiate subsidies up to the level of 75% of the amount being paid for institutional care.
This would ensure that families who adopt those children would be able to receive adoption subsidies which would allow for full time care.  States would save many thousands of dollars per child, and many more severe special needs children would be adopted into families rather than growing up in institutions and transferring as adults to adult institutions without ever having loving families.
This might be the simplest no-brainers I have ever seen for recommendations for national policy.  The adoption of foster children would save child welfare costs of  between 190,000 and 236,000 each over the course of their childhoods.  This doesn’t count many other financial benefits outlined in the NACAC report.
The reduced costs are much greater with children moved from institutions into homes.  Cost savings in these instances could be closer to 100,000 per year per child.  However, states will have some increased costs in post adoption supports for the families adopting from institutions.   To be clear, I don’t believe there will be adequate numbers of families wanting to adopt institutionalized children, and some are not capable of living in homes.  However, when a child can be successfully adopted from an institution into a dedicated, motivated home, the benefits for the child, the family, and the taxpayers are incredible.

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

People are Map Makers, and the Map is Not the Territory

One of the more powerful contributions that NLP has made to our culture is the popularization of the concept of cognitive maps.  People are Map Makers means that we are always dealing with the world through our perceptions, through our “map” of the world.  As we move through the world, we experience the world through our senses:

  • Sight,

  • Hearing,

  • Touch

  • Smell

  • Taste

We use these senses as we move through the world and build an internal representation of this external input in our brain (the map). You – and everyone else – do not respond directly to the world, but rather to the ‘map’ or ‘model’ of the world you create.  In the process of building your map, you filter information based on your values, beliefs, memories, culture and social background. You therefore respond to your maps, rather than directly to the world.

This is important in many ways.  Most of the map is developed by age nine, so early experiences are critically important. Young people who experience positive bonds, safety and love in their early years develop drastically different maps than young people who experience overwhelming trauma early in their lives.

The process continues throughout life, however.  We continue to build and evolve our maps, and focus on those things in both our external environments and delete anything that doesn’t seem important to our maps.  We even distort what we take in to keep it consistent with our maps.  Then we generalize that our maps really are “truth”.

Once a person has a map based on painful experiences, distrust, and trauma, it is very difficult for that person to completely rework his or her map of the world.  This is important in many ways.  To the extent possible, we need to provide positive, loving, stimulating environments for young people during their early lives.  If we must intervene in cases of abuse and/or neglect, we need to provide stability as soon as possible, along with a great deal of nurturing and support, so that they can integrate these experiences into their maps, along with any negative experiences.

In foster care,for example, we know that the fewer placements a young person has, the better the outcomes in adulthood.  I believe this is largely due to both positive experiences, and the avoidance of the negative map making results that occur with multiple transitions and the feelings of powerlessness that go with them.

Take a few minutes and think of your map of the world.  If you are involved with helping children, what led to that?  If you are of a particular religious persuasion, what contributed to your development of those beliefs?  Think about your political perceptions.  What contributed to your viewpoint?

What does it mean to you that you are responding to your map of the world, rather than the world itself?

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

NLP Presupposition: “There’s No Such Thing as Failure, Only Feedback”

One of the most important of the Presuppositions for me, especially in working with young people is “There is not such thing as failure, only feedback”.  It is especially useful for young people who are struggling with motivation, self esteem, but it works for all of us.

When something doesn’t go as we planned we tend to see that as failure. Depending on the seriousness of the situation we might then get angry, irritated, sad, depressed, worried, guilty or whatever.  None of this serves any useful purpose.  In fact, it can lead us to give up, exactly when we need to push on.

But what happens if we see the situation as feedback rather than failure. A real life demonstration of how not to do something?  Instead of being wrong we’ve learned something. Instead of feeling bad we are free to form a new plan of action and try again.  Is this cosy, rosy-tinted ‘positive thinking’?  Not exactly.

Edison identified about a 1,000 ways not to make a light bulb before he found a suitable material for the filament.  A number of best-selling books (i.e. million sellers plus film) were turned down by more than two dozen publishers before they were accepted for publication.  Then there was the poor talent scout at Decca records who rejected the Beatles as having no future in music!

Perseverance is one of the most important traits we need to develop to overcome challenges, to maintain motivation and to succeed.  In several of our youth programs, this was kept on a poster in the room where we worked.  Whenever something didn’t work, we would point to the poster, and ask what feedback we could gain from the experience, develop a new plan and go from there.

Try it, it is useful.

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Personal Life Coaching Services

Ray Hoskins and Associates is pleased to announce the availability of life coaching services!  Life Coaching is a goal focused process in which we help you identify, clarify and achieve achievement goals.Putting It Together

 

According to Einstein, “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.

A coach can help you shift your thinking into a new perspective…  And a great coach has enough experience to share to help you make that shift quickly.

Our personal coaching services can help you:

  • Identify and clarify the most important goals for different stages of your life.
  • Establish plans and strategies for achieving your goals.
  • Support, encourage, and even pressure you to act on your goals and strategies.
  • Help you celebrate all of your success, large and small to keep you moving towards what you want.

Some of our services can occur online, through Skype chat and through other means.

Ray has been providing personal counseling and coaching services since the early 1970s.  He is a Master Practitioner of Neuro Linquistic Programming, and has been since 1993.  He has many years of coaching and personal consultation experience in a variety of settings.

We have trained other practitioners who are also able to work with you as needed.

Our coaching processes can usually help you, regardless of the life changes you want to make.  Call or email us today for your first consultation.

 

 

To contact us, click below and enter your contact number or email ray@rayhoskins.com

 

Posted via web from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Penny Wise, Ton Foolish: Increasing Child Welfare Costs by Cutting Adoption Subsidies

In the last few years, a number of states have decided to cut adoption subsidies as a means of cutting child welfare costs.  It is a classic example of government not making sense.  The bottom line reason for this is that adoption saves money, even when the subsidies are much higher than the usual subsidies are paid to families that adopt children from the system.  Attached is a research article on the value of adoption, outlining the reduced costs in many areas, and the improved outcomes when children are adopted.

In surveys by Children’s Rights, adoption subsidies which offset the costs of adopting high risk youth from child welfare are significant factors in whether or not people decide to adopt.  Major findings include the following:
  • 81% reported that the availability of adoption subsidies was important to their decision to adopt;
  • 58% of respondents said they could not adopt without a subsidy;
  • More than half of the respondents said the subsidy amount was not sufficient;
  • Almost half (47%) of adoptive parents received an adoption subsidy that was lower than the ratethey received as foster parents;
  • 88% reported that receipt of Medicaid for the child was critical to their decision to adopt;
  • Less than half of the survey participants who had adopted reported receiving post-adoption services; and
  • The obstacles to adoption most frequently cited by respondents were the child welfare system bureaucracy and inadequate subsidy amounts.

In one study, 58% of families stated that adoption wouldn’t have been possible without an adoption subsidy.  As adoption subsidies are almost always less than foster care per diem, that study alone indicates that without guaranteed subsidies, we are likely to experience a reduction in adoptions, and, increased costs to the state.

A summary from the attached study says: An adoption from foster care costs state and federal government about $115,000, but saves the government about $258,000 in child welfare and human service costs, netting a savings of $143,000 (Barth et al 2006, adjusted for inflation to 2000 dollars). I show that each adoption nets between $88,000 and $150,000 in private benefits and $190,000 to $235,000 in total public benefits (in constant 2000 dollars). Thus each dollar spent on the adoption of a child from foster care yields between $2.45 and $3.26 in benefits to society.

For some reason, Child Welfare Leadership, and other decision-makers aren’t making decisions which reflect this economic reality.  When we expand the analysis to those children in residential settings who could be adopted with creative subsidy strategies, the cost savings multiply dramatically.  In one case in which I was involved, the cost for one child went from $357 per day to $140 per day.  This is a reduction from $130,305 to 51,100 per year, a savings of 79,205, and the young person is having far better outcomes with a  full time parent and attending public school successfully.  Since this adoption, the state involved has changed the policies to make this type of savings impossible, no longer guaranteeing subsidies at all and limiting them to less than $20 per day.
With a targeted approach, and only 15 children, the state could save over 1.1 million per year by replicating this strategy, and would have much better outcomes with young people over the long run.
I titled this “Penny Wise, Ton Foolish” rather than “Penny Wise, Pound Foolish” because the traditional saying just doesn’t reflect the magnitude of the error involved in cutting adoption supports.  If you are involved in state government, or know anyone who is involved in state government, please help them reconsider the current trends.  They are harming children while costing all of us more money!

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Presupposition: “The Quality of Your Life Depends on the Quality of Your Communication”

One of my favorite NLP Presuppositions, and one of the most applicable in almost any area of life is”The Quality of Your Life Depends on the Quality of Your Communication”.  It assumes that as you improve your communication, your experience in the world also improves.  The assumption holds for both internal and external communication.

Internally, this would apply to our self talk, any pictures and movies we make in our heads, even postures and other manners in which we communicate with ourselves, maintaining and manipulating our emotional and physical states.  This type of communication is addressed in most therapies which have been shown by research to be effective.  Even the developments of maturity and wisdom is a process of cleaning up this type of communication.
Externally, the quality of the communication will largely determine the quality of results you get in your relationships with others.  In human services and youth work, this, in my opinion, is the most critical issue for success.
I don’t believe that programs change people.  Quality interactions with people who work within programs, other clients, and others change people. This works when external communication effects the type of internal communication clients have with themselves over time.
We have all had experiences of this phenomena.  We have had inspiring teachers, mentors, and experiences with peers which have changed us.  We have also had encounters with people who were charged with helping us who had no positive effect or even  negative effects.
The determining factor in whether we change is the kind of communication, the type of relationships that occurs.  A teacher with poor communication skills can spend many hours with us and have less effect than one with good communication skills can have in just a few days.  My most effective teacher in high school taught me for just one semester.  He changed my life.  My most effective mentor, the one who inspired the course of my career only worked with me for a year.
If this is a useful presupposition, then it isn’t effort alone that produces outcomes in human services.  It is the quality of the effort, of the communication that is effective.  So providers need exquisite communication skills and need to spend significant time with others in order to make a difference in their lives. Without these skills much effort is wasted.

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Disciplining Our Thoughts

Yesterday a friend of mine was relating a conversation she had about her son to some service professionals.  She was talking about how he did in school, and how funny she found him.  Then someone made a comment about how he sounds like he would be good actor or comedian.  It was then that my friend brought up that he was nonverbal and autistic.  She related how the whole energy of the conversation shifted.  The others went from sharing openly as mothers to complimenting her on adopting such a child.

Then she related that most of the time, she just thinks of him by his name, and doesn’t even consider the problems, and it always surprises her when she gets the reaction in which the diagnoses become the most important issue.  ”Like they are his identity or something.”  I think I should mention that she has produced what seems like miracles with this child since she has had him.
My friend demonstrates a discipline of thinking that we all need to adopt.  She sees her son as a whole person first, keeping in mind that his diagnoses present special challenges in helping him grow, learn and develop.  Our identity is so much more than our labels, whether they be diagnoses or other labels.  I personally try to first frame everyone I meet as a child of the same creator, and a human being first.  This helps me stay clear in developing a relationship which is nurturing.
When we think in terms of an Autistic child, Reactive Attachment Disordered child, even a hurt child, we have the conceptual and language cart before the horse.  Identity is so much more than autism, disorders, or even being hurt.  The very filtering of our description through these labels guides our minds to think in terms of deficits and limits.  It would tell us that the most important thing about my friend’s son is that he can’t talk well, rather than focusing on his math ability, his great giggle, and how he smiles when his mother tells him she loves him.
It also has us thinking that the most important thing about an abused child is the abuse because that is what comes first in the thought.  The most important thing about any child who has been abused is the human spirit within needing bonding, safety, and nurturing of their potential.
Think about it.

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter

Question of the Day: “What is important about asking the questions of the day?”

The last few posts have offered a number  of suggested questions to ask young people in your life.  The last questions were “What is important about ______?” and “What will that do for you?”.  In an attempt to stay consistent with my suggestions and avoid why, I am asking what is important about these questions.  What will it do for young people and yourself if you use them?

There are many benefits to asking these questions.  The simple answer is they guide young people to think in new ways, and that is true.  There is much more to it.  Referring back to previous blogs on H. Stephen Glenn’s developing capable people model, we have a need to help young people develop the perceptions that they are Capable, Significant, and Influential.  Steven realized, as do many youth development theorist, that the most important of these perceptions is that of significance.  Young people need to know that they matter, that their opinions matter, and that someone cares about them.  This is the basis of bonding, which with many young people is the greatest challenge also.  Asking the questions in a respectful manner communicates that you believe a young person is significant.  Listening to an honoring their responses further cements that perception.
Through asking these types of questions you also communicate that the young person is Influential.  The questions are framed to acknowledge there ownership of their own lives in the long run.  ”What kind of _____________ do you want to be” language implies that the person asking the question accepts the fact that you are in the drivers seat in your life.  In my work with Casey Family Programs, one of the most impressive things to me was the title of their youth development framework for youth in foster care. They titled it “It’s My Life”.  The title itself declared that young people were the ones who would drive the bus.
There is also an implicit message that the person being asked the questions is Capable of answers which will contribute to his or her own success.  By asking about someone’s intentions about their character as an adult, you communicate a belief that they are capable of creating positive characteristics.
A larger message to you here is that you are the message.  If you use methods like the ones I describe in my articles, you will be communicating meta messages that young people are Capable, Significant, and Influential.  If you fail to engage them in these processes, you will communicate their insignificance.  If you challenge them without asking appropriate questions, you will communicate their incompetence and helplessness.  It is the competence of the adults interacting with young people that makes the most significance difference in their lives.

Posted via email from Ray Hoskins and Associates Posterous Site

Share and Enjoy:
  • Print
  • Digg
  • Sphinn
  • del.icio.us
  • Facebook
  • Mixx
  • Google Bookmarks
  • Blogplay
  • Add to favorites
  • Diggita
  • PDF
  • Twitter